Importance Of Mobile Banking System In The Maldives Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1984 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION Banks play a vital role in the economic life of a nation. The wellbeing of an economy is intimately correlated to a healthy banking system. Bankers borrowing; lending and related activities make possible the process of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of wealth. Therefore banks are very valuable associates of economic growth. Banks play an imperative role in utilization of the resources of the country. Banks mobilize the savings of the people for the investment purpose. In the absence of bank, a countrys major portion of capital will remain redundant. Mobile banking can be described as a common phrase used for performing balance checks, account transactions, making and receiving of payments etc via a mobile device; commonly mobile phones. Terms such as M-Banking and SMS Banking are commonly used for mobile banking. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Importance Of Mobile Banking System In The Maldives Finance Essay" essay for you Create order This report will look in to the importance of introducing a mobile banking system to the Republic of Maldives, A country formed of 1190 coral islands each separated by open sea. According to the MMA (Maldives Monetary Authority- Central Bank) they are gearing up to launch a mobile banking system in the country from 1st Feb 2011. MMA named its upcoming mobile banking system as Keesa a local word used for wallet. In an Interview given to National Television in 2010 (MNBC-One) the Governor of MMA Mr. Fazeel Najeeb quoted The Maldives Mobile banking system designed to bring a revolution to the financial sector and setting an example for the rest of developing countries in the world. (MNBC-One, 2010) OVER VIEW OF MALDIVES ECONOMY The GDP growth averaged 8.0% over the past two decades raising per capita income about US$ 2,800, the highest in the region and moving the Maldives well into middle income status. After contracting by 4.6% in 2005 due to the tsunami induced fall in tourist arrivals, the economy rebounded by 19.1% in 2006 and appears to have remained robust in 2007. The population of Maldives was estimated 2, 98968 according to the preliminary census 2006. Fishing and tourism plays a vital part of Maldives economic progression. According to MMA there are 6 commercial banks in Maldives with 176186 Account Holders. At present there are only two Mobile service providers in Maldives, who provides Service for 259889 Customers. Dhivehi Raajeyge Gulhun Pvt. Limited or Dhiraagu is Joint Venture Company formed between the Maldivian Government and Cable Wireless and commenced its operations in the Maldives in 1988. (Dhiraagu, 2009). Wataniya Telecom Maldives Started out operations in Maldives as a subsidiary of Wataniya Telecom in February of 2005, it has now become the preferred mobile network for Maldivian locals and tourists alike. The companys quest for perfection and dedication to complete customer satisfaction has placed it on the forefront of Telecommunication solutions in the Maldives. (Wataniya Telecom Maldives 2009) Tabulated profile of Maldives Details % No Total population ÂÂ   298968 Between 15 64 years 62.5 186904 In Employment ÂÂ   110231 Workers on Male 10.3 38971 Workers on Atolls 89.3 71260 Employment By Sector ÂÂ   ÂÂ   Fishing Industry 11 12125 Tourism 23 25000 Government 31 34000 Others 35 39000 Expatriate Workers ÂÂ   70075 Mobile Subscribers ÂÂ   259889 Resident on Male 41.5 106554 Resident on the Atolls 59.5 153335 Bank Accounts ÂÂ   176186 Resident on Male 65 113893 Resident on The Atolls 35 62293 ATM Cards Issued ÂÂ   62275 Source: Ministry of Planning and National Development Key Indicators 2006 ÂÂ ¨ Maldives 2006 preliminary census figures ÂÂ ¨ Monthly Statistics, February 2008-MMA ÂÂ ¨ CGAP survey results from Maldives mobile operators ÂÂ ¨ CGAP survey results from Maldives banks A MOBILE BANKING SYSTEM WILL RE-SHAPE AND AVANCE MALDIVIAN ECONOMY. Referring to the facts and figures given above (Under over view of Maldives economy) and Tabulated portfolio of Maldives, more than 95% of Maldives is covered geographically by the mobile operators in Maldives. Mean while nearly 90% of population owns mobile phone. According to the Ministry of Planning and National Development Ministry the mobile operators also already have the capacity of providing mobile banking service with minimal investment. (Key Indicators, 2006) The mobile banking system will benefit the Economy in following ways Implement state of the art inter-bank settlement and eliminate risk and increase the safety and efficiency in payment systems Introduce full cheque truncation and automate clearing Promote economic efficiency in the country Reduce dependence on cash and paper based instruments by facilitating electronic payments Establish a fully interoperable retail payment system using cards, mobile and Internet Make banking accessible to all citizens of the Maldives, despite adverse geographic conditions Government and banking sector Mobile banking would save costs associated with printing and supplying cash, free up resources currently used by banks to deliver banking services, automate the banking and clearing system, reduce the transaction costs of banking and payments settlements, deliver banking services to the whole country, increase national savings, and revolutionize the financial industry. Fishing industry According to preliminary census figures of 2006, 11% of Maldivian work force is engaged in fishing industry. Exporting different products of fish is also one of the two main sources of income for the government. Its estimated that there are more than 12000 fishermen in Maldives who spend more than 70 percent of their life in the open sea. Therefore introduction of the mobile banking system, all fishermen are led to access the bank and carry out important transaction any time. This will ease and solve lot of existing difficulties for them regarding banking. It will also circulate more idle cash and contribute to the economy as a whole. Tourism Sector Maldives economy is vastly dependent on Tourism Sector. According to former president of Maldives Mr. Gayoom, tourism is life blood of our nation more than 23 percent of economic workforce is deployed in tourism sector. There are roughly more than 25000 people from 190 different islands working. 90% of these people are stationed at resorts who basically only travels to their native islands twice a year. There are no personal banking facilities at present in most of the resorts. Therefore to send their earnings to support family and receiving money or accessing to banking services are very complicated presently. With the introduction of Mobile banking system, these existing complexities for banking will be solved. MOBILE BANKING: PROS CONS Mobile banking also have unenthusiastic side, though over all mobile banking system is very efficient and generous to business men and other individuals. Pros Banking everywhere any where: Banking is a basic necessity in todays economic world. Accessing a bank or carrying out a banking transaction is all most part and parcel of every day. Mobile banking allows banking from anywhere and everywhere. Physical presence is not required to make a banking transaction. Therefore mobile banking saves time and energy. Important Notifications: The important notifications such as when an account is debited or credited, it will inform in almost no time. Therefore basic banking functions becomes more simple informative on real time. Important means for Accounts Safe keepings It enhances to minimize unauthorized transactions. Since the account holder will be notified immediately via a text. Therefore to be a victim of a bank fraud makes less likely and in case can act upon fraud quickly. Fast and easy payment: Mobile banking allows paying bills, utilities, insurance or any other parallel payments on time. Important means of banking in case of emergency: Mobile banking allows banking 24/7, and more over no waiting time is required. Therefore it is a vital means of banking-in case of emergency Cons Security: Though there are few viruses and Trojans targeted for mobile phones, mobile phone users can be attacked by a phishing scam. For example when a mobile banking user receives a forged text requesting for account passwords it might goes to a hacker pretending as the banker or teller. Compatibility All transaction might not be able to proceed in any phone and for some of the cheaper -phones mobile banking is not compatible at all. To get most out of mobile banking a good smart phone is necessary. Cost Though mobile banking is relatively cheaper and save times, some of the banks charges extra fee for mobile banking and in most of the cases extra software charges are applicable and add upon banking expenses. LITERATURE REVIEW Mobile banking closes poverty gap (BBC, 2010) This report published in BBC by Jane Wakefield, highlights the importance of Mobile banking to transform the way people in the developing world, transfer money and how it is poised to offer more sophisticated banking service which could make a real difference to people This statement highlights that currently there are 2.7bn people living in developing countries who do not have any means to access financial service or banks. Simultaneously 1bn people throughout Africa, Latin America and Asia own a mobile phone (BBC, 2010) Further this report shed lights on Mobile banking as a very powerful way to deliver saving and money transfer services to the billions of people in countries like Kenya and Uganda where there are thousands of people with no means to any access to financial institutions. Over all, this report makes it more vivid that the success of mobile banking in such countries there by closing the poverty gap. Africas mobile banking revolution (BBC, 2009) This report by Luice Greenwood provides the facts and figures of how a mobile banking system could contribute Africas economy so vitally. It also highlights that Millions of Africans are using mobile phones to pay bills, move cash and buy basic everyday items. Africa has the fastest-growing mobile phone market in the world and most of the operators are local firms. Accordingly the statistical data provided throughout the report, briefs about the countries like South Africa and Kenya mobile banking service providers has touched millions of life by means of savings, security and transfer of cash. The simplicity of mobile banking system in Africa is also lessoning the rest of the world. To set up a bank account by a mobile phone is so easy and straightforward that all it requires is that just a phone and ID card to register anywhere from the country by an approved agent. The system activates the account in seconds and depositing and transferring of cash are right away at the fingers tips This report shows how practical mobile banking system can be and how easy it could be serving the larger population like In Tanzania just 5% of the populations have bank accounts. In Ethiopia there is one bank for every 100,000 people. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE With the introduction of mobile banking system there has been a lot of progress in the socio- economic factors in many countries. The implication of mobile banking seems like more important for developing countries than developed countries where lots of branches of banks are available at a threshold. Countries like Kenya, South Africa and Tanzania has shown the world how important mobile banking system is for under developed and developing nations. Lessons from the lights of literature review, I personally believe in the importance of the introduction of mobile banking system in Maldives. This technology would contribute to government sector, banking sector, fisheries industry, tourism sector and islanders from all islands as a whole. To overcome the shadows cased on banking sector in Maldives, by its natural geographic obstacles mobile banking can be an important tool. PERSONAL VERDICT Providently I have had an opportunity to work for Maldives Tourism Development Corporations as an Operations Manager. To perform my duties and carry out the responsibilities; I have travelled more than 40 Resort Islands and above 45 inhabited islands across the country. During my career, I personally experienced and felt the difficulties of banking by resort workers and local island natives. Though implementation of Mobile banking system in Maldives will undoubted fully Increase economic efficiency and promote social welfare of nation as a whole CONCLUSION The Maldives may be one of the most difficult countries in the world in which to deliver financial services through traditional branch networks. The country occupies 90,000 square kilometres, 99.5% of water. Its 2, 98,968 people live on 198 scattered islands in 26 atolls, and 60% of the inhabited islands have less than 1,000 residents. Given the highly literate population and high coverage of the mobile phone network, there is great potential to use technology to overcome the barriers of geography, low population density and a small population, and deliver financial service at low cost across the country.

Guilt in the Scarlet Letter and the Crucible Essay

Scarlet Letter/Crucible Essay The presence of guilt has been felt by all human beings. As guilt grows in a persons life it eventually begins to have a deteriorating effect on the individual. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible more than one of the characters are experiencing some form of guilt and the effects of the publics opinion on their own personal sins. Each characters guilt originates from a different personal problem and with each characters guilt comes a different reaction. Miller and Hawthorne use the source of guilt, the actions resulting from it and the eventual consequences to portray the concept of a guilty conscience to the reader. Each characters guilt originates from a†¦show more content†¦In both of the novels, the consequences resulting from guilt are showed best through the two men. In Dimmesdales case, his guilt eventually condemned him to his grave. In most situations guilt isnt that drastic, but in his case, seven years of self inflicted punishment was enough to kill him. Proctor, definitely had issues with his sin, but he didnt take it as far as Dimmesdale did. He confessed his crime, but he let his wifes judgment of him, drive him crazy. The consequence of the guilt that he was experiencing can be seen in two different lights. It eventually brought him to confession in the court, and the tarnishing of his good name. However, his confession was strictly to protect his wife, so his guilt could be seen also as a final reconciliation between Proctor and Elizabeth. Guilt has the capability of doing permanent damage to a person, and in both novels, the authors use guilt as a very negative force in a persons life. In The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible, guilt is portrayed in similar ways. Both authors use the concept of guilt to imply the idea that guilt has the capabilities to produce reactions in people that in most situations arent the same. The result of a guilty conscience can be used as a positive or negative force in a persons life and through theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Guilt In The Scarlet Letter And The Crucible987 Words   |  4 PagesThe presence of guilt has been felt by all human beings. As guilt grows in a person’s life it eventually begins to have a deteriorating effect on the individual. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible more than one of the characters are experiencing some form of guilt and the effects of the public’s opinion on their own personal sins. Each character’s guilt originates from a different personal problem and with each character’s guilt comes a different reactionRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between The Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1111 Words   |  5 Pagesthe loss of control and power over the people. 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Milestone Assignment Chemistry free essay sample

Milestone Assignment Chemistry BY 2233 In Method 1. You start by watching the building from afar, seeing how it is used and what Its general structure Is. You then begin to get closer and more particular, examining systems such as the electrical system and sprinkler system, walls and floors. Your last step is to examine the nails, screws and other elements of the building. Which method do you think is closest to your study of chemistry thus far? What are the pros and cons to proceeding one way rather than another? Write 3-5 arcographs and submit the short essay to your teacher. Have fun Method one is most similar to Chemistry. This is because the table of elements is like the building and we began by looking at it as a whole and then learned the individual parts of It. First we learned the anions and canons and where they are located. Also we learned specific elements with their symbols. We will write a custom essay sample on Milestone Assignment Chemistry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Second chemistry Is like method 1 because as we learned the symbols we also started to put everything together and began making compounds. We did this by lancing the charges and making sure everything was stable like a building. The periodic table Is the foundation of chemistry as a blueprint Is to a building. A pro about this method Is that we begin to see trends and patterns within the table itself. Which help us identity and put together compounds. A con is that you can become overwhelmed when you first look at the periodic table and see how many parts there are. With out the periodic table there would be no chemistry and without the walls and floors and other elements of a building, It would not exists.

Challenges and Opportunities to Implement - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges and Opportunities to Implement. Answer: Journal Article- Prejudice in Schools: Promotion of an Inclusive Culture and Climate by Dessel, A. (2010) Summary In the educational institutions, a welcoming environment which boosts the learning process is crucial in todays society (Shaw, 2018). In this literature review, the execution of programs to diminish prejudice in schools and the difficulties faced in the accomplishments would be discussed. According to the opinion of Dessel (2010) prejudice is the cause of the victimization and provocation in the schools .Its elimination is necessary for success in studies. The awareness of the methods to reduce prejudice can be helpful in decreasing the repressive societal arrangements. Since schools are the places, where the students spend most of the time of their day with their classmates, and learn the basics of their education. So they play a great role in affecting their thought processes and the way they are going to lead their lives to a great extent (Suleymanov, 2015). Assessment This journal article is chosen because it appropriately defines the concept of inclusive culture and is connected to the basics of removing bias from the school culture and system. It is published in the Journal Education and Urban Society and the author has written similar articles in the other journals. It suggests that apart from educating the students , the teachers also have the accountability to maintain a safe atmosphere in which healthy learning takes place .It also reveals the fact that unfortunately most of the new teachers are not ready to work with the students belonging to diversified groups, dialectal and cultural back grounds of the society (Dessel, 2010). Due to this reason, many schools fail to provide a safe accommodating atmosphere in which learning can take place. Reflection This journal article is reviewed because it emphasis on the role of the schools as the main socializing places which provide a chance to interact with the people from different backgrounds. Hence the students learn about differences, resolving their conflicts and how to live peacefully (Ministry of Education, New Zealand, 2014).It suggests that solution to the problem of annoyance, oppression and bias is initiating programs to diminish bullying and ferocity and to develop harmony among the students with various cultural back grounds (Dessel, 2010). Journal Article - Inclusive Education for Social Transformation by Marimuthu, S. Cheong, L. S.(2015). Summary This article is chosen due to its emphasis on the transformation in the attitude of the society and the teachers to treat the students with special education needs in equality with the abled students. According to Marimuthu Cheong (2015) an education campaign for the tutors with respect to inclusive education can extend their ability to deal with diversity. The Teacher Training Program (TTP) aims at enhancing the tutors efficiency in the fields of awareness, assistances and practices, so that they can educate the diversified students in the inclusive classes. Moreover, the training programs consist of the training module comprising of the quasi experimental study utilizing the non-equivalent experimental design. A questionnaire is prepared and evaluated by a five point Likert scale. The independent element is teaching and the dependent elements are competence and readiness. Assessment The article was discussed at the Global Conference on Business Social Science in 2014 at Kuala Lumpur and was published in the Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences in 2015. It mainly emphasis on the need of accommodating the disabled students with their normal peers. This research aims at transforming the society and developing the teachers capability to transform the current thinking techniques of the students. The suggested attitude is not to evolve special programs for certain groups but to amplify the thought processes, mechanism and enactments to cover all the students as a whole. The inclusive teaching has become a special education framework and its amplified perception can be seen from the view of human rights (Soriano, Watkins Ebersold, 2017). Reflection This article focuses on the atmosphere in which all the individuals are treated equal and accepted in the society. Participation and Inclusion are compulsory elements for human integrity and to enhance human rights in the society. It is the appropriate article for research on Inclusive Education as it insists on the equality of the disabled and abled children and introduction of the teaching programs which educate the teachers to include the children with special education needs in the mainstream of the society (Bouillet, 2013). Journal Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences Vol. 172 (2015). Summary The journal named as Social and Behavioral Sciences highlights the different aspects of education including necessity of value education for empowering youth, inclusive education etc. The topic relevant to our study is Inclusive Education. It has been discussed in the journal article Inclusive Education for Social Transformation (Marimuthu Cheong, 2015). The concept of Inclusive Education has gained popularity in all the international education systems. There is an expressed agreement universally that all the children have the right to education irrespective of their cast, creed, background and gender. Due to some reasons, the inclusive education has always been on the secondary priority both in developed and developing countries. The intellect and multiplicity are the features of humans. The notion that a paralyzed person is unserviceable has been assimilated in the society. The separation begins within the family who does not welcome the child with deficiency (United Nations, 2018). Assessment It illustrates that the concept of inclusive education originated due to the evolution of the Universal Deceleration of Human Rights in 1948 which focused on the right to education for every child. Also, the Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities in 1993 drew the attention of the world towards right of education of children with special needs. Hehir et al. (2016) suggests that the inclusive education should be child focused and should address the diversity of his background. Reflection This Journal aims at integrating children with Special Education Needs into the mainstream schools. It has been selected for review as it highlights that Inclusive Education is an international campaign in the arena of education. This concept introduces a change in the thinking within the education mechanism and the society. The tutors should understand that it is about transformation in the outlook and the methodology of teaching. Not much data is accessible for teaching representations for inclusive education. All the disabled students do not always require the similar education. So, there is no need of segregating the disable students into different schools. So, this article includes the accountabilities of the tutors as well as transformation in the teaching techniques, so that the disabled students are accepted in the mainstream of the society (Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth, 2013). Journal Education and Urban Society Vol. 42 (2010) Summary Education and Urban Society (EUS) is the Journal for sharing new philosophies on educational procedures, researches and policies. It emphasizes on the interrelationship between teachers and students. It provides an interface for enabling communications among teachers, administrators, school boards and sociologist. The topics covered in this journal are the Reform in the Urban School Districts: the role of PSAT results in promoting advanced placement course taking and Measuring academic growth in students with disabilities in charter schools etc. The topic relevant to our research is Prejudice in Schools: Promotion of an Inclusive Culture and Climate (Dessel, 2010). The main idea behind inclusion is to remove the limits and evolve the education system which is designed as per the needs of the students. Assessment This journal has been selected for research as it argues that the current education concepts regarding inclusive education are based upon certain features such as age, and the ability of the students to attend the classes. The availability of prospects, acceptance of impairment and the nonexistence of annoyance, oppression and bias set the background for inclusive education in classes. According to Wapling (2016) the schools should make sure that there should be a common education system for all the students irrespective of their physiological, psychological, social, emotional and linguistic circumstances. Also as per No Child Left behind Act, the schools are required to show the continuous development in the performance of the students especially the disabled students. So, they face challenges in meeting the performance standards which should be resolved. Reflection This journal highlights that inclusive education involves the cooperation of the society as a whole. It suggests that the educational institutions and the tutors should evolve creative solutions to the challenges faced by inclusive education. Developing the atmosphere which enables the learning of the students and addresses to all their needs can help them in achieving societal, psychological and physiological progress. Hence, the educational institutions should endeavor to evolve creative solutions to the problem of inclusive education (Mitiku, Alemu Mengsitu, 2014). A mechanism to evaluate the results of the implemented programs for the development of the skills of the teachers for inclusive education should be initiated and should be monitored continually. References Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (2013). Inclusive Education for Students with Disability. [ONLINE] Available from https://www.aracy.org.au/publications-resources/command/download_file/id/246/filename/Inclusive_education_for_students_with_disability_-_A_review_of_the_best_evidence_in_relation_to_theory_and_practice.pdf [Accessed 10th January, 2018]. Bouillet, D. (2013). Some Aspects of Collaboration in Inclusive Education Teachers Experiences. CEPS Journal. 3(2). Dessel,A.(2010). Prejudice in Schools: Promotion of an Inclusive Culture and Climate. Education and Urban Society. 42(4), pp.407429. Hehir, T., Grindal, T., Freeman, B., Lamoreau, R., Borquaye, Y. Burke, S.(2016). A Summary of the Evidence on Inclusive Education. [ONLINE] Available from https://alana.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/A_Summary_of_the_evidence_on_inclusive_education.pdf [Accessed 11th January, 2018]. Marimuthu, S. Cheong, L. S.(2015). Inclusive Education for Social Transformation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 172(2015). Ministry of Education, New Zealand (2014). What an inclusive school looks like. [ONLINE] Available from https://www.education.govt.nz/assets/Documents/School/Inclusive-education/WhatanInclusiveSchoolLooksLikeSep2014.pdf [Accessed 11th January, 2018]. Mitiku, W., Alemu, Y., Mengsitu, S. (2014). Challenges and Opportunities to Implement Inclusive Education. Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature. 1(2). Shaw, D. (2018). Inclusive Education: An Introduction. [ONLINE] Available from https://www.leonardcheshire.org/sites/default/files/LCD_InclusiveEd_012713interactive.pdf [Accessed 11th January, 2018]. Soriano, V., Watkins, A. Ebersold, S. (2017). Inclusive education for learners with disabilities. [ONLINE] Available from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2017/596807/IPOL_STU(2017)596807_EN.pdf [Accessed 11th January, 2018]. Suleymanov, F. (2015). Issues of Inclusive Education: Some Aspects to be Considered. Electronic Journal for Inclusive Education. 3(4). [ONLINE] Available from https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1175context=ejie [Accessed 10th January, 2018]. United Nations (2018). Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: Inclusive Education. [ONLINE] Available from https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/documents/disability/Toolkit/Inclusive-Education.pdf [Accessed 10th January, 2018]. Wapling, L. (2016).Inclusive Education and Children with Disabilities: Quality Education for All in Low and Middle income Countries. CBM.